{"id":7229,"date":"2025-09-11T08:42:40","date_gmt":"2025-09-11T06:42:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/das-kittchen.de\/?page_id=7229"},"modified":"2025-09-11T08:53:34","modified_gmt":"2025-09-11T06:53:34","slug":"ringbande","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"http:\/\/das-kittchen.de\/sv\/ringbande\/","title":{"rendered":"Ringgrupp"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"7229\" class=\"elementor elementor-7229\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-aadfa0b elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"aadfa0b\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-1394981\" data-id=\"1394981\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-70ea006 elementor-widget elementor-widget-shortcode\" data-id=\"70ea006\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"shortcode.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-shortcode\"><div class=\"mementor-tts-player-container mementor-tts-audio-ready\" id=\"mementor-tts-player-shortcode_bc95aa9b\" data-player-type=\"shortcode\" data-post-id=\"7229\"><div id=\"mementor-tts-player-shortcode_bc95aa9b\" class=\"mementor-tts-player\" data-text=\"Audio player\" data-element-uid=\"shortcode_bc95aa9b\" data-status=\"ready\" data-audio-url=\"http:\/\/das-kittchen.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/text-to-speech-tts\/shortcode_363777_g7om8-de.mp3\" data-autoplay=\"yes\"><div class=\"mementor-tts-player-label text-center label-size-default label-weight-bold label-color-custom\" style=\"--mementor-tts-custom-label-color: #3d416a\">H\u00f6re dir diesen Beitrag an:<\/div><audio preload=\"metadata\" src=\"http:\/\/das-kittchen.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/text-to-speech-tts\/shortcode_363777_g7om8-de.mp3\" autoplay><\/audio><div class=\"mementor-tts-custom-controls\"><button class=\"mementor-tts-play-button\" aria-label=\"Spela\"><span class=\"dashicons dashicons-controls-play mementor-dashicons-controls-play\"><\/span><\/button><span class=\"mementor-tts-time-display\">0:00<\/span><div class=\"mementor-tts-progress-container\"><div class=\"mementor-tts-progress-bar\"><\/div><\/div><span class=\"mementor-tts-duration-display\">0:00<\/span><button class=\"mementor-tts-volume-button\" aria-label=\"Volym\"><span class=\"dashicons dashicons-controls-volumeon mementor-dashicons mementor-dashicons-controls-volumeon\"><\/span><\/button><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5d4d20d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5d4d20d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom:0cm;line-height:normal;mso-pagination:\nnone;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none\"><span style=\"font-size:\n54.0pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,sans-serif;color:#363B68;mso-font-kerning:0pt\">JUGENDWIDERSTAND\nIN WISMAR<o:p><\/o:p><\/span><\/p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom:0cm;line-height:normal;mso-pagination:\nnone;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none\"><span style=\"font-size:\n37.0pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,sans-serif;color:#363B68;mso-font-kerning:0pt\">Die\nWismarer \u201eRingbande\u201c<o:p><\/o:p><\/span><\/p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom:0cm;line-height:normal;mso-pagination:\nnone;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none\"><span style=\"font-size:\n37.0pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,sans-serif;color:#363B68;mso-font-kerning:0pt\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom:0cm;line-height:normal;mso-pagination:\nnone;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none\"><span style=\"font-size:\n17.0pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,sans-serif;color:#B3817D;mso-font-kerning:0pt\">\u201eZ\u00c4H\nWIE LEDER UND HART WIE KRUPPSTAHL\u201c<o:p><\/o:p><\/span><\/p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom:0cm;line-height:normal;mso-pagination:\nnone;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none\"><span style=\"font-size:\n17.0pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,sans-serif;color:#B3817D;mso-font-kerning:0pt\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom:0cm;line-height:normal;mso-pagination:\nnone;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none\"><span style=\"font-size:\n14.0pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,sans-serif;color:#1D1D1B;mso-font-kerning:0pt\">Die\nk\u00f6rperliche wie ideologische Erziehung der Jugend im Nationalsozialismus traf\nauch auf Widerstand. Viele Jugendliche versuchten sich dem Drill und der\nIndoktrination zu entziehen, so die jazzbegeisterte \u201eSwing-Jugend\u201c oder die im Widerstand\nstehenden \u201eEdelwei\u00dfpiraten\u201c. In Wismar setzten sich Ende 1943 Ernst D., Horst\nK\u00e4kenmeister, Udo K., Herbert S., Paul Waade, Otto W. und Georg W. gemeinsam gegen\ndie Hitlerjugend zur Wehr.<o:p><\/o:p><\/span><\/p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom:0cm;line-height:normal;mso-pagination:\nnone;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none\"><span style=\"font-size:\n14.0pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,sans-serif;color:#1D1D1B;mso-font-kerning:0pt\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom:0cm;line-height:normal;mso-pagination:\nnone;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none\"><span style=\"font-size:\n14.0pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,sans-serif;color:#1D1D1B;mso-font-kerning:0pt\">Die\nJugendlichen w\u00e4hlten einen Ring als Symbol des Zusammenhalts, den jedes\nMitglied tragen sollte, und nannten sich \u201eRingbande\u201c. Sie gaben sich Namen von\nJazzgr\u00f6\u00dfen oder die der amerikanischen Kriminalliteratur entlehnt waren.<o:p><\/o:p><\/span><\/p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom:0cm;line-height:normal;mso-pagination:\nnone;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none\"><span style=\"font-size:\n14.0pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,sans-serif;color:#1D1D1B;mso-font-kerning:0pt\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom:0cm;line-height:normal;mso-pagination:\nnone;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none\"><span style=\"font-size:\n14.0pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,sans-serif;color:#1D1D1B;mso-font-kerning:0pt\">Paul\nWaade wurde \u201eChicago\u201c genannt, weil die Handlungen vieler B\u00fccher, die er las,\nin dieser Stadt spielten. Er stammte, wie die meisten Mitglieder, aus einer\nArbeiterfamilie, sein Vater war Kommunist und lebte im Exil. Alle waren bei den\nNS-Beh\u00f6rden schon negativ aufgefallen: Gastst\u00e4tten- und Kinobesuche ohne\nBegleitung Erwachsener, \u201eHerumtreiben\u201c auf \u00f6ffentlichen Stra\u00dfen und Pl\u00e4tzen\nw\u00e4hrend der Dunkelheit, Entziehung des HJ-Zwangsdienstes und Pr\u00fcgeleien mit\nHJ-Angeh\u00f6rigen waren mit Jugendarrest bestraft worden.<o:p><\/o:p><\/span><\/p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom:0cm;line-height:normal;mso-pagination:\nnone;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none\"><span style=\"font-size:\n14.0pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,sans-serif;color:#1D1D1B;mso-font-kerning:0pt\">\u2014\u2014\u2014<o:p><\/o:p><\/span><\/p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom:0cm;line-height:normal;mso-pagination:\nnone;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none\"><span style=\"font-size:\n14.0pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,sans-serif;color:#1D1D1B;mso-font-kerning:0pt\">Der\nTreffpunkt der \u201eRingbande\u201c war die Hafenschmiede am Ziegenmarkt. Bei Schmiedemeister\nSchoknecht gingen Otto W. und Horst K\u00e4kenmeister in die Lehre. Hier h\u00f6rten die Jugendlichen\nNachrichten der BBC, die sie auch an franz\u00f6sische Kriegsgefangene weitergaben. Beliebt\nwar der verbotene ausl\u00e4ndische Sender haupts\u00e4chlich wegen der Swing-Musik.\nEinen der Songs verdeutschen sie: \u201eJobb Goebbels tanzt im Wintergarten Swing.\nSein Holzbein dazu wie ein Schlagzeug klingt.\u201c Nachts, w\u00e4hrend der Verdunklung,\nzog die Gruppe durch Wismar und gr\u00f6lte die kommunistische \u201eInternationale\u201c.\nEinige der Jugendlichen besorgten sich Pistolen. In der Schmiedewerkstatt\nwurden die Feuerwaffen abgefeuert, wenn Meister Schoknecht au\u00dfer Haus war.<o:p><\/o:p><\/span><\/p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom:0cm;line-height:normal;mso-pagination:\nnone;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none\"><span style=\"font-size:\n14.0pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,sans-serif;color:#1D1D1B;mso-font-kerning:0pt\">\u2014\u2014<o:p><\/o:p><\/span><\/p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom:0cm;line-height:normal;mso-pagination:\nnone;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none\"><span style=\"font-size:\n14.0pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,sans-serif;color:#1D1D1B;mso-font-kerning:0pt\">All\ndiese T\u00e4tigkeiten geschahen meist spontan und aus Widerwillen gegen die\nDrangsalierungen der HJ oder aus Abenteuerlust. Anders im Januar 1944. Die\nMitglieder der \u201eRingbande\u201c hatten von den \u201eEdelwei\u00dfpiraten\u201c geh\u00f6rt und\nbeschlossen, mit der Gruppierung Kontakt aufzunehmen. Herbert S. und Paul Waade\nfuhren am 23. Januar nach Hamburg und fanden in einem Lokal auf der Reeperbahn\neinen Jugendlichen, der sich als \u201eEdelwei\u00dfpirat\u201c bezeichnete. Zu einer weiteren\nZusammenarbeit kam es aber nicht. Am n\u00e4chsten Tag wurden die Wismarer\nJugendlichen nach und nach festgenommen. Bis auf Otto W. waren alle noch\nminderj\u00e4hrig. Paul Waade berichtete \u00fcber die Verhaftung durch die Gestapo: \u201eDie\nkamen morgens schon zwischen f\u00fcnf und sechs Uhr. [\u2026] Ich wurde dann zum\nGef\u00e4ngnis gebracht, in Wismar [\u2026] zwei oder drei Tage \u2013 und dann wurden wir\nnach Schwerin \u00fcberf\u00fchrt.\u201c<o:p><\/o:p><\/span><\/p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom:0cm;line-height:normal;mso-pagination:\nnone;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none\"><span style=\"font-size:\n14.0pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,sans-serif;color:#1D1D1B;mso-font-kerning:0pt\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom:0cm;line-height:normal;mso-pagination:\nnone;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none\"><span style=\"font-size:\n14.0pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,sans-serif;color:#1D1D1B;mso-font-kerning:0pt\">\u2014<o:p><\/o:p><\/span><\/p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom:0cm;line-height:normal;mso-pagination:\nnone;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none\"><span style=\"font-size:\n14.0pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,sans-serif;color:#1D1D1B;mso-font-kerning:0pt\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom:0cm;line-height:normal;mso-pagination:\nnone;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none\"><span style=\"font-size:\n14.0pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,sans-serif;color:#1D1D1B;mso-font-kerning:0pt\">Das\nOberlandesgericht Hamburg tagte am Schweriner Demmlerplatz erst ein Jahr\nsp\u00e4ter, am 24. Januar 1945. Die Jugendlichen wurden zu Haftstrafen zwischen\nneun Monaten und dreieinhalb Jahren verurteilt. Sie hatten Gl\u00fcck, denn das\nGericht unterstellte ihnen zwar auch kriminelle Energie, sah aber keine\npolitischen oder oppositionellen Beweggr\u00fcnde dahinter. Es befand sie eher als\nhalbreif und unausgeglichen. Im Gegensatz dazu hatte man die \u201eEdelwei\u00dfpiraten\u201c brutal\nverfolgt und nur wenige \u00fcberlebten das NS-Regime. Paul Waade erhielt ein Jahr Jugendgef\u00e4ngnis\nwegen der Teilnahme an einer staatsfeindlichen Verbindung und dem Abh\u00f6ren ausl\u00e4ndischer\nSender. Die Strafe galt durch die Untersuchungshaft als verb\u00fc.t. Andere Mitglieder\nder \u201eRingbande\u201c kamen nach der Urteilsverk\u00fcndung zur Strafverb\u00fc.ung in die Untersuchungshaftanstalt\nHagenow, nach Hamburg-Fuhlsb\u00fcttel oder in das Jugendgef\u00e4ngnis Neum\u00fcnster. Nach\nKriegsende wurden sie im Mai 1945 freigelassen.<o:p><\/o:p><\/span><\/p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom:0cm;line-height:normal;mso-pagination:\nnone;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none\"><span style=\"font-size:\n14.0pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,sans-serif;color:#1D1D1B;mso-font-kerning:0pt\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom:0cm;line-height:normal;mso-pagination:\nnone;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none\"><span style=\"font-size:\n14.0pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,sans-serif;color:#1D1D1B;mso-font-kerning:0pt\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom:0cm;line-height:normal;mso-pagination:\nnone;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none\"><span style=\"font-size:\n14.0pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,sans-serif;color:#1D1D1B;mso-font-kerning:0pt\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom:0cm;line-height:normal;mso-pagination:\nnone;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none\"><span style=\"font-size:\n14.0pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,sans-serif;color:black;mso-themecolor:text1;\nmso-font-kerning:0pt\">YOUTH RESISTANCE IN WISMAR<o:p><\/o:p><\/span><\/p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom:0cm;line-height:normal;mso-pagination:\nnone;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none\"><span style=\"font-size:\n14.0pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,sans-serif;color:black;mso-themecolor:text1;\nmso-font-kerning:0pt\">The Wismar &#8220;Ring Gang&#8221;<o:p><\/o:p><\/span><\/p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom:0cm;line-height:normal;mso-pagination:\nnone;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none\"><span style=\"font-size:\n14.0pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,sans-serif;color:black;mso-themecolor:text1;\nmso-font-kerning:0pt\">&#8220;TOUGH AS LEATHER AND HARD AS KRUPP STEEL&#8221;<o:p><\/o:p><\/span><\/p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom:0cm;line-height:normal;mso-pagination:\nnone;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none\"><span style=\"font-size:\n14.0pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,sans-serif;color:black;mso-themecolor:text1;\nmso-font-kerning:0pt\">The physical and ideological education of<o:p><\/o:p><\/span><\/p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom:0cm;line-height:normal;mso-pagination:\nnone;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none\"><span style=\"font-size:\n14.0pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,sans-serif;color:black;mso-themecolor:text1;\nmso-font-kerning:0pt\">youth under National Socialism also met with<o:p><\/o:p><\/span><\/p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom:0cm;line-height:normal;mso-pagination:\nnone;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none\"><span style=\"font-size:\n14.0pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,sans-serif;color:black;mso-themecolor:text1;\nmso-font-kerning:0pt\">resistance. Many young people tried<o:p><\/o:p><\/span><\/p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom:0cm;line-height:normal;mso-pagination:\nnone;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none\"><span style=\"font-size:\n14.0pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,sans-serif;color:black;mso-themecolor:text1;\nmso-font-kerning:0pt\">to elude the drill and indoctrination, such as<o:p><\/o:p><\/span><\/p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom:0cm;line-height:normal;mso-pagination:\nnone;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none\"><span style=\"font-size:\n14.0pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,sans-serif;color:black;mso-themecolor:text1;\nmso-font-kerning:0pt\">the jazz-loving &#8220;Swing Youth&#8221; or the\n&#8220;Edelweiss Pirates&#8221; who were in the resistance. In<o:p><\/o:p><\/span><\/p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom:0cm;line-height:normal;mso-pagination:\nnone;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none\"><span style=\"font-size:\n14.0pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,sans-serif;color:black;mso-themecolor:text1;\nmso-font-kerning:0pt\">Wismar,<o:p><\/o:p><\/span><\/p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom:0cm;line-height:normal;mso-pagination:\nnone;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none\"><span style=\"font-size:\n14.0pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,sans-serif;color:black;mso-themecolor:text1;\nmso-font-kerning:0pt\">at the end of 1943, Ernst D.,<o:p><\/o:p><\/span><\/p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom:0cm;line-height:normal;mso-pagination:\nnone;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none\"><span style=\"font-size:\n14.0pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,sans-serif;color:black;mso-themecolor:text1;\nmso-font-kerning:0pt\">Horst K\u00e4kenmeister,<o:p><\/o:p><\/span><\/p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom:0cm;line-height:normal;mso-pagination:\nnone;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none\"><span style=\"font-size:\n14.0pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,sans-serif;color:black;mso-themecolor:text1;\nmso-font-kerning:0pt\">Udo K., Herbert S., Paul<o:p><\/o:p><\/span><\/p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom:0cm;line-height:normal;mso-pagination:\nnone;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none\"><span style=\"font-size:\n14.0pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,sans-serif;color:black;mso-themecolor:text1;\nmso-font-kerning:0pt\">Waade, Otto W., and<o:p><\/o:p><\/span><\/p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom:0cm;line-height:normal;mso-pagination:\nnone;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none\"><span style=\"font-size:\n14.0pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,sans-serif;color:black;mso-themecolor:text1;\nmso-font-kerning:0pt\">Georg W. joined forces<o:p><\/o:p><\/span><\/p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom:0cm;line-height:normal;mso-pagination:\nnone;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none\"><span style=\"font-size:\n14.0pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,sans-serif;color:black;mso-themecolor:text1;\nmso-font-kerning:0pt\">against the Hitler Youth.<o:p><\/o:p><\/span><\/p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom:0cm;line-height:normal;mso-pagination:\nnone;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none\"><span style=\"font-size:\n14.0pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,sans-serif;color:black;mso-themecolor:text1;\nmso-font-kerning:0pt\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom:0cm;line-height:normal;mso-pagination:\nnone;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none\"><span style=\"font-size:\n14.0pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,sans-serif;color:black;mso-themecolor:text1;\nmso-font-kerning:0pt\">The young people chose a ring as a symbol<o:p><\/o:p><\/span><\/p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom:0cm;line-height:normal;mso-pagination:\nnone;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none\"><span style=\"font-size:\n14.0pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,sans-serif;color:black;mso-themecolor:text1;\nmso-font-kerning:0pt\">of solidarity, which every member was to wear, and called\nthemselves the &#8220;Ring Gang.&#8221; They gave<o:p><\/o:p><\/span><\/p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom:0cm;line-height:normal;mso-pagination:\nnone;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none\"><span style=\"font-size:\n14.0pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,sans-serif;color:black;mso-themecolor:text1;\nmso-font-kerning:0pt\">themselves names of jazz greats or names borrowed from\nAmerican crime fiction.<o:p><\/o:p><\/span><\/p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom:0cm;line-height:normal;mso-pagination:\nnone;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none\"><span style=\"font-size:\n14.0pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,sans-serif;color:black;mso-themecolor:text1;\nmso-font-kerning:0pt\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom:0cm;line-height:normal;mso-pagination:\nnone;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none\"><span style=\"font-size:\n14.0pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,sans-serif;color:black;mso-themecolor:text1;\nmso-font-kerning:0pt\">Paul Waade was called &#8220;Chicago&#8221; because the\nplots of many of the books he read were set in this city. He, like most of the\nmembers, came from a working-class family; his father was a communist and lived\nin exile. All of them had already attracted negative attention from the Nazi\nauthorities: visiting restaurants and cinemas without adult supervision,\n&#8220;loitering&#8221; on public streets and squares after dark, evading\ncompulsory Hitler Youth service, and fighting with Hitler Youth members were\npunishable by youth detention.<o:p><\/o:p><\/span><\/p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom:0cm;line-height:normal;mso-pagination:\nnone;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none\"><span style=\"font-size:\n14.0pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,sans-serif;color:black;mso-themecolor:text1;\nmso-font-kerning:0pt\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom:0cm;line-height:normal;mso-pagination:\nnone;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none\"><span style=\"font-size:\n14.0pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,sans-serif;color:black;mso-themecolor:text1;\nmso-font-kerning:0pt\">The meeting place of the &#8220;Ring Gang&#8221; was the\nharbor blacksmith&#8217;s shop at the Ziegenmarkt. Otto W. and Horst K\u00e4kenmeister\nwere apprenticed to master blacksmith Schoknecht. Here, the young people\nlistened to BBC news, which they also passed on to French prisoners of war. The\nbanned foreign station was popular primarily because of its swing music. They\ntranslated one of the songs into German: &#8220;Jobb Goebbels dances swing in\nthe winter garden. His wooden leg sounds like a drum.&#8221; At night, during\nblackouts, the group marched through Wismar, belting out the communist\n&#8220;Internationale.&#8221; Some of the young people got hold of pistols. The\nfirearms were fired in the blacksmith&#8217;s workshop when Master Schoknecht was\nout.<o:p><\/o:p><\/span><\/p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom:0cm;line-height:normal;mso-pagination:\nnone;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none\"><span style=\"font-size:\n14.0pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,sans-serif;color:black;mso-themecolor:text1;\nmso-font-kerning:0pt\">All of these activities mostly occurred spontaneously and\nout of resentment against the harassment of the Hitler Youth or out of a thirst\nfor adventure. Things were different in January 1944. The members of the\n&#8220;Ring Gang&#8221; had heard of the &#8220;Edelweiss Pirates&#8221; and\ndecided to make contact with the group.<o:p><\/o:p><\/span><\/p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom:0cm;line-height:normal;mso-pagination:\nnone;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none\"><span style=\"font-size:\n14.0pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,sans-serif;color:black;mso-themecolor:text1;\nmso-font-kerning:0pt\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom:0cm;line-height:normal;mso-pagination:\nnone;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none\"><span style=\"font-size:\n14.0pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,sans-serif;color:black;mso-themecolor:text1;\nmso-font-kerning:0pt\">Herbert S. and Paul Waade traveled to Hamburg on January\n23 and found a young man in a bar on the Reeperbahn who called himself an\n&#8220;Edelweiss Pirate.&#8221; However, no further collaboration took place. The\nnext day, the Wismar youths were arrested one by one. Except for Otto W., all\nwere still minors. Paul Waade reported on the arrest by the Gestapo: &#8220;They\ncame between five and six in the morning. [&#8230;] I was then taken to prison, in\nWismar [&#8230;] for two or three days \u2013 and then we were transferred to\nSchwerin.&#8221;<o:p><\/o:p><\/span><\/p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom:0cm;line-height:normal;mso-pagination:\nnone;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none\"><span style=\"font-size:\n14.0pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,sans-serif;color:black;mso-themecolor:text1;\nmso-font-kerning:0pt\">The Hamburg Higher Regional Court convened at Schwerin&#8217;s\nDemmlerplatz a year later, on January 24, 1945. The youths were sentenced to\nprison terms of between nine months and three and a half years. They were\nlucky, because the court also accused them of criminal activity, but saw no\npolitical or oppositional motives behind it. It found them rather immature and\nunbalanced. In contrast, the &#8220;Edelweiss Pirates&#8221; had been brutally\npersecuted, and only a few survived the Nazi regime. Paul Waade received a year\nin youth prison for participating in an anti-state organization and listening\nto foreign radio stations. The sentence was considered to have been served due\nto the pre-trial detention. Other members of the &#8220;Ring Gang&#8221; were\nsent to serve their sentences after the verdict was announced in the Hagenow\nremand prison, in Hamburg-Fuhlsb\u00fcttel, or in the Neum\u00fcnster youth prison.<o:p><\/o:p><\/span><\/p><p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<\/p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom:0cm;line-height:normal;mso-pagination:\nnone;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none\"><span style=\"font-size:\n14.0pt;font-family:&quot;Helvetica&quot;,sans-serif;color:black;mso-themecolor:text1;\nmso-font-kerning:0pt\">After the end of the war, they were released in May 1945.<\/span><span style=\"font-size:14.0pt;color:black;mso-themecolor:text1\"><o:p><\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section 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data-settings=\"{&quot;lazyload&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;gallery_layout&quot;:&quot;grid&quot;,&quot;columns&quot;:4,&quot;columns_tablet&quot;:2,&quot;columns_mobile&quot;:1,&quot;gap&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:10,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;gap_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:10,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;gap_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:10,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;link_to&quot;:&quot;file&quot;,&quot;aspect_ratio&quot;:&quot;3:2&quot;,&quot;overlay_background&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;content_hover_animation&quot;:&quot;fade-in&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"gallery.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-gallery__container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"e-gallery-item elementor-gallery-item elementor-animated-content\" href=\"https:\/\/das-kittchen.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Text-Ausstellung-Kittchen-Ringbande-3-scaled.jpg\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-slideshow=\"b1b26c4\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"Text Ausstellung Kittchen (Ringbande)-3\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6NzI0MywidXJsIjoiaHR0cHM6XC9cL2Rhcy1raXR0Y2hlbi5kZVwvd3AtY29udGVudFwvdXBsb2Fkc1wvMjAyNVwvMDhcL1RleHQtQXVzc3RlbGx1bmctS2l0dGNoZW4tUmluZ2JhbmRlLTMtc2NhbGVkLmpwZyIsInNsaWRlc2hvdyI6ImIxYjI2YzQifQ%3D%3D\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-gallery-image elementor-gallery-item__image\" data-thumbnail=\"https:\/\/das-kittchen.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Text-Ausstellung-Kittchen-Ringbande-3-300x288.jpg\" data-width=\"300\" data-height=\"288\" aria-label=\"\" role=\"img\" ><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-gallery-item__overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"e-gallery-item elementor-gallery-item elementor-animated-content\" href=\"https:\/\/das-kittchen.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Unbenannt-1-scaled.jpg\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-slideshow=\"b1b26c4\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"Unbenannt-1\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6NzI0NCwidXJsIjoiaHR0cHM6XC9cL2Rhcy1raXR0Y2hlbi5kZVwvd3AtY29udGVudFwvdXBsb2Fkc1wvMjAyNVwvMDhcL1VuYmVuYW5udC0xLXNjYWxlZC5qcGciLCJzbGlkZXNob3ciOiJiMWIyNmM0In0%3D\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-gallery-image elementor-gallery-item__image\" data-thumbnail=\"https:\/\/das-kittchen.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Unbenannt-1-300x151.jpg\" data-width=\"300\" data-height=\"151\" aria-label=\"\" role=\"img\" ><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-gallery-item__overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"e-gallery-item elementor-gallery-item elementor-animated-content\" href=\"https:\/\/das-kittchen.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Text-Ausstellung-Kittchen-Ringbande03.jpg\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-slideshow=\"b1b26c4\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"Text Ausstellung Kittchen (Ringbande)03\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6NzIzMiwidXJsIjoiaHR0cHM6XC9cL2Rhcy1raXR0Y2hlbi5kZVwvd3AtY29udGVudFwvdXBsb2Fkc1wvMjAyNVwvMDlcL1RleHQtQXVzc3RlbGx1bmctS2l0dGNoZW4tUmluZ2JhbmRlMDMuanBnIiwic2xpZGVzaG93IjoiYjFiMjZjNCJ9\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-gallery-image elementor-gallery-item__image\" data-thumbnail=\"https:\/\/das-kittchen.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Text-Ausstellung-Kittchen-Ringbande03-273x300.jpg\" data-width=\"273\" data-height=\"300\" aria-label=\"\" role=\"img\" ><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-gallery-item__overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>UNGDOMSMOTST\u00c5ND I WISMAR \"Ringg\u00e4nget\" i Wismar \"Tuffa som l\u00e4der och h\u00e5rda som st\u00e5l\" Den fysiska och ideologiska fostran av ungdomar under nationalsocialismen m\u00f6tte ocks\u00e5 motst\u00e5nd. M\u00e5nga ungdomar f\u00f6rs\u00f6kte fly undan drill och indoktrinering, till exempel de jazz\u00e4lskande \"Swing Youth\" eller \"Edelweiss Pirates\", som gjorde motst\u00e5nd. I Wismar i slutet av 1943... <\/p>\n<div class=\"clear\"><\/div>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/das-kittchen.de\/sv\/ringbande\/\" class=\"excerpt-read-more\">Forts\u00e4tta l\u00e4sa<i class=\"fa fa-long-arrow-right icon-long-arrow-right\"><\/i><\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-7229","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/das-kittchen.de\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/7229","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/das-kittchen.de\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/das-kittchen.de\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/das-kittchen.de\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/das-kittchen.de\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7229"}],"version-history":[{"count":10,"href":"http:\/\/das-kittchen.de\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/7229\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7247,"href":"http:\/\/das-kittchen.de\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/7229\/revisions\/7247"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/das-kittchen.de\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7229"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}